مسار بولونيا
EN

ثامر مالك مرهون

السنة عنوان البحث نشر البحث
2026 NiCo-LDH-based adsorbent with ligand-specific functionalities for efficient flurbiprofen removal: Facile synthesis, characterization, and mechanistic study Surfaces and interfaces
Abstract This study introduces a novel hybrid adsorbent, designated as silica ethyl benzene trimethyl ammonium-functionalized NiCo-LDH (SEBTMA-LDH), synthesized by functionalizing NiCo-layered double hydroxide (LDH) with 4-(trimethoxysilylethyl)benzyltrimethylammonium chloride (TMSE-BTMA), for efficient removal of flurbiprofen (FLU) from aqueous solutions. The NiCo-LDH was prepared via a green ultrasonic-assisted synthesis and further modified to introduce phenyl and quaternary ammonium groups, enabling dual adsorption mechanisms: surface interaction (electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, π–π stacking) and interlayer anion exchange. The material revealed a maximum adsorption capacity of 529 mg g⁻¹ (Langmuir, 293 K) and optimal removal efficiency (∼94%) under pH 5.0, adsorbent dose 0.3 g L⁻¹, and contact time 60 min. Kinetic analysis highlighted the Avrami model ( = 0.993) as the best fit, suggesting a multi-step mechanism, while intraparticle diffusion and surface binding both contributed to the overall uptake. Isothermal data best fitted the Langmuir model, suggesting monolayer adsorption, while Freundlich results pointed to surface heterogeneity and dual uptake behavior. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed the process is spontaneous (≈ –54 kJ mol⁻¹) and exothermic ( = –39.82 kJ mol⁻¹), dominated by physical adsorption. The adsorbent demonstrated excellent reusability with only a 5.3% decrease in relative adsorption efficiency after eight regeneration cycles using 0.1 mol L⁻¹ NaOH. These findings highlight SEBTMA-LDH as a sustainable, high-performing adsorbent for the removal of persistent pharmaceutical contaminants from water.